I and II. Bureaucratic and Administrative Structure in the Constitutional Monarchy

Abstract

1876 Constitution Sultan II. It came into force as the Ferman Constitution, which was prepared by Abdulhamid together with Mithat Pasha. The declaration of the 1876 Constitution had positive reflections both inside and outside. In 1876, the form of government was constitutionalism, and this management process was in the Second World War. It continued until the Constitutional Monarchy and II. In the constitutional monarchy, there was a transition from a constitutional monarchy to a parliamentary system, and the sultan's powers were restricted in favor of the executive body. The sultan-sovereignty existed almost symbolically and the administration continued under the dominance of the executive. The Ottoman bureaucracy, which was customary in the First Constitutional Monarchy, naturally changed and changed by taking the Western bureaucracy as an example. Unfortunately, the bureaucratic and administrative structure lost its initial strong presence over time, and eventually the empire came to an end and there were unexpected changes in the administrative structure. Due to the internal events and the wars in neighboring countries, the bureaucracy and administrative structure started to seek different solutions. These different solutions have led to the division and change of the bureaucratic and administrative structure.