The Relationship Between the Democrat Party and Liberalism

Abstract

The Democrat Party, not only witnessed developments that could be considered a turning point in the Republic of Turkey but also became a significant actor in these developments. In the 1930s, globally, due to the effects of the Great Depression, investments shifted towards the domestic market, and in this context, it can be said that the development of industry in Turkey was aimed at by the state. After World War II, the increasing dominance of a liberal climate worldwide, guided by the United States, also influenced Turkey. The post-war need for agricultural support in Europe created an impetus for prioritizing agriculture and trade bourgeoisie in liberalization efforts in Turkey. Thus, especially with the strengthening of the bourgeoisie, particularly in the agricultural and trade sectors, discussions about liberalization began to be strongly felt. The Democrat Party, emerging in such an atmosphere, although not explicitly defining itself as a liberal party, frequently used liberal elements in its party program, policies, and promises. However, it can be said that DP’s policies gradually moved towards an authoritarian direction, especially after coming to power, as economic indicators worsened. In this context, the DP, which has deviated from liberal ideas and practices, has found the majoritarian democratic approach functional while maintaining its authoritarian approach.